抗体的生物素化标记实验要点：

1. 端粒酶反转录酶抗体费用 如在反应混合液中有叠氮钠或游离氨基存在,会抑制标记反应。因此,蛋白质在反应前要对 0.1mol/L碳酸氢钠缓冲液或0.5mol/L硼酸缓冲液充分透析；

2.所用的NHSB及待生物素化蛋白质之间的分子比按蛋白质表面的ε-氨基的密度会有所不同,选择不当则影响标记的效率,应先用几个不同的分子比来筛选最适条件；

3.用NHSB量过量也是不利的,抗原的结合位点可能因此被封闭,导致抗体失活；

4.由于抗体的氨基不易接近可能造成生物素化不足,此时可加入去污剂如 Triton x-100, Tween20等；

5.当游离ε-氨基(赖氨酸残基的氨基)存在于抗体的抗原结合位点时,或位于酶的催化位点时,生物素化会降低或损伤抗体蛋白的结合力或活性；

6.生物素还可能与不同的功能基团,如羰基、氨基、巯基、异咪唑基及苯酚基,也可与糖基共价结合；

7.交联反应后,应充分透析,否则,残余的生物素会对生物素化抗体与亲和素的结合产生竞争作用；

8.在细胞的荧光标记实验中,中和亲和素的本底低,但由于链霉亲和素含有少量正电荷,故对某些细胞可导致高本底。

产品订购信息：
英文名称  Anti-TERT 

中文名称   端粒酶反转录酶抗体费用 

别    名  Telomerase catalytic subunit; EST2; hEST2; TCS1; Telomerase associated protein 2; Telomere Reverse Transcriptase; TERT; TP2; TRT; Telomerase reverse transcriptase; Telomerase Catalytic Subunit; Telomerase-associated protein 2; TERT_HUMAN.

浓    度   1mg/1ml

规 格  0.1ml/100μg 0.2ml/200μg

抗体来源   Rabbit

克隆类型   polyclonal

交叉反应   Human, Mouse, Rat 

产品类型   一抗  

研究领域     细胞生物 免疫学 神经生物学 信号转导 细胞凋亡 细胞周期蛋白 激酶和磷酸酶

蛋白分子量  predicted molecular weight: 125kDa

性    状   Lyophilized or Liquid

免 疫 原 KLH conjugated synthetic peptide derived from human Telomerase reverse transcriptase 

亚    型   IgG

纯化方法   affinity purified by Protein A

储 存 液   0.01M PBS, pH 7.4 with 10 mg/ml BSA and 0.1% Sodium azide

端粒酶反转录酶抗体费用 产品应用    WB=1:100-500 ELISA=1:500-1000 IP=1:20-100 IHC-P=1:100-500 IHC-F=1:100-500 IF=1:100-500

（石蜡切片需做抗原修复） 

 not yet tested in other applications.

 optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.  

保存条件  Store at -20 °C for one year. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles. The lyophilized antibody is stable at room temperature for at least one month and for greater than a year when kept at -20°C. When reconstituted in sterile pH 7.4 0.01M PBS or diluent of antibody the antibody is stable for at least two weeks at 2-4 °C. 

Important Note  This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications. 

产品介绍 Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein polymerase that maintains telomere ends by addition of the telomere repeat TTAGGG. The enzyme consists of a protein component with reverse transcriptase activity, encoded by this gene, and an RNA component which serves as a template for the telomere repeat. Telomerase expression plays a role in cellular senescence, as it is normally repressed in postnatal somatic cells resulting in progressive shortening of telomeres. Deregulation of telomerase expression in somatic cells may be involved in oncogenesis. Studies in mouse suggest that telomerase also participates in chromosomal repair, since de novo synthesis of telomere repeats may occur at double-stranded breaks. Alternatively spliced variants encoding different isoforms of telomerase reverse transcriptase have been identified; the full-length sequence of some variants has not been determined. Alternative splicing at this locus is thought to be one mechanism of regulation of telomerase activity. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].

Function : Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme essential for the replication of chromosome termini in most eukaryotes. Active in progenitor and cancer cells. Inactive, or very low activity, in normal somatic cells. Catalytic component of the teleromerase holoenzyme complex whose main activity is the elongation of telomeres by acting as a reverse transcriptase that adds simple sequence repeats to chromosome ends by copying a template sequence within the RNA component of the enzyme. Catalyzes the RNA-dependent extension of 3'-chromosomal termini with the 6-nucleotide telomeric repeat unit, 5'-TTAGGG-3'. The catalytic cycle involves primer binding, primer extension and release of product once the template boundary has been reached or nascent product translocation followed by further extension. More active on substrates containing 2 or 3 telomeric repeats. Telomerase activity is regulated by a number of factors including telomerase complex-associated proteins, chaperones and polypeptide modifiers. Modulates Wnt signaling. Plays important roles in aging and antiapoptosis.

Subunit : Homodimer; dimerization is required to produce a functional complex. Oligomer; can form oligomers in the absence of the telomerase RNA template component (TERC). Catalytic subunit of the telomerase holoenzyme complex composed minimally of TERT and TERC. The telomerase complex is composed of TERT, DKC1, WDR79/TCAB1, NOP10, NHP2, GAR1, TEP1, EST1A, POT1 and a telomerase RNA template component (TERC). The molecular chaperone HSP90/P23 complex is required for correct assembly and stabilization of the active telomerase. Interacts directly with HSP90A and PTGES3. Interacts with HSPA1A; the interaction occurs in the absence of TERC and dissociates once the complex has formed. Interacts with RAN; the interaction promotes nuclear export of TERT. Interacts with XPO1. Interacts with PTPN11; the interaction retains TERT in the nucleus. Interacts with NCL (via RRM1 and C-terminal RRM4/Arg/Gly-rich domains); the interaction is important for nucleolar localization of TERT. Interacts with SMARCA4 (via the bromodomain); the interaction regulates Wnt-mediated signaling. Interacts with MCRS1 (isoform MCRS2); the interaction inhibits in vitro telomerase activity. Interacts with PIF1; the interaction has no effect on the elongation activity of TERT. Interacts with PML; the interaction recruits TERT to PML bodies and inhibits telomerase activity.

Subcellular Location : Nucleus, nucleolus. Nucleus, nucleoplasm. Nucleus. Chromosome, telomere. Cytoplasm. Nucleus, PML body. Note=Shuttling between nuclear and cytoplasm depends on cell cycle, phosphorylation states, transformation and DNA damage. Diffuse localization in the nucleoplasm. Enriched in nucleoli of certain cell types. Translocated to the cytoplasm via nuclear pores in a CRM1/RAN-dependent manner involving oxidative stress-mediated phosphorylation at Tyr-707. Dephosphorylation at this site by SHP2 retains TERT in the nucleus. Translocated to the nucleus by phosphorylation by AKT.

Tissue Specificity : Expressed at a high level in thymocyte subpopulations, at an intermediate level in tonsil T-lymphocytes, and at a low to undetectable level in peripheral blood T-lymphocytes.

Post-translational modifications : Ubiquitinated, leading to proteasomal degradation.

Phosphorylation at Tyr-707 under oxidative stress leads to translocation of TERT to the cytoplasm and reduces its antiapoptotic activity. Dephosphorylated by SHP2/PTPN11 leading to nuclear retention. Phosphorylation by the AKT pathway promotes nuclear location.

DISEASE : Note=Activation of telomerase has been implicated in cell immortalization and cancer cell pathogenesis.

Defects in TERT are associated with susceptibilty to aplastic anemia (AA) [MIM:609135]. AA is a rare disease in which the reduction of the circulating blood cells results from damage to the stem cell pool in bone marrow. In most patients, the stem cell lesion is caused by an autoimmune attack. T-lymphocytes, activated by an endogenous or exogenous, and most often unknown antigenic stimulus, secrete cytokines, including IFN-gamma, which would in turn be able to suppress hematopoiesis.

Note=Genetic variations in TERT are associated with coronary artery disease (CAD).

Defects in TERT are the cause of dyskeratosis congenital autosomal dominant type 2 (DKCA2) [MIM:613989]. A rare multisystem disorder caused by defective telomere maintenance. It is characterized by progressive bone marrow failure, and the clinical triad of reticulated skin hyperpigmentation, nail dystrophy, and mucosal leukoplakia. Common but variable features include premature graying, aplastic anemia, low platelets, osteoporosis, pulmonary fibrosis, and liver fibrosis among others. Early mortality is often associated with bone marrow failure, infections, fatal pulmonary complications, or malignancy.

Defects in TERT are the cause of dyskeratosis congenital autosomal recessive type 4 (DKCB4) [MIM:613989]. A rare multisystem disorder caused by defective telomere maintenance. It is characterized by progressive bone marrow failure, and the clinical triad of reticulated skin hyperpigmentation, nail dystrophy, and mucosal leukoplakia. Common but variable features include premature graying, aplastic anemia, low platelets, osteoporosis, pulmonary fibrosis, and liver fibrosis among others. Early mortality is often associated with bone marrow failure, infections, fatal pulmonary complications, or malignancy.

Defects in TERT are a cause of susceptibility to pulmonary fibrosis idiopathic (IPF) [MIM:178500]. Pulmonary fibrosis is a lung disease characterized by shortness of breath, radiographically evident diffuse pulmonary infiltrates, and varying degrees of inflammation and fibrosis on biopsy. It results in acute lung injury with subsequent scarring and endstage lung disease.

Similarity : Belongs to the reverse transcriptase family. Telomerase subfamily.

Contains 1 reverse transcriptase domain.

Database links : UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: O14746.1

端粒酶是一种依赖RNA的DNA聚合酶,催化合成端粒体的DNA重复序列,并引导端粒添加到染色体的尾端,对维持染色体的长度、。

端粒酶主要存在于之中，一般在大多数正常组织中没有活性或活性极低，同时由于端粒酶在的发展中起着关键作用，所以通过各种途径抑制端粒酶的活性可能有效地抑制大多数的生长，而对大多数正常细胞没有影响。这种可以通过直接抑制端粒酶活性、抑制端粒酶RNA或端粒酶蛋白成分以及诱导细胞发生分化等方法实现。

端粒酶与之间令人惊异的相关性使它在的诊断和上有望成为行之有效的新的靶目标。

抗体的鉴定：

1）端粒酶反转录酶抗体费用 抗体的效价鉴定：不管是用于诊断还是用于,制备抗体的目的都是要求较高效价。不同的抗原制备的抗体,要求的效价不一。鉴定效价的方法很多,包括有试管凝集反应,琼脂扩散试验,酶联免疫吸附试验等。常用的抗原所制备的抗体一般都有约成的鉴定效价的方法,以资比较。如制备抗抗体的效价,一般就采用琼脂扩散试验来鉴定。

2）抗体的特异性鉴定：抗体的特异性是指与相应抗原或近似抗原物质的识别能力。抗体的特异性高,它的识别能力就强。衡量特异性通常以交叉反应率来表示。交叉反应率可用竞争抑制试验测定。以不同浓度抗原和近似抗原分别做竞争抑制曲线,计算各自的结合率,求出各自在IC50时的浓度,并按公式计算交叉反应率。 

如果所用抗原浓度IC50浓度为pg/管,而一些近似抗原物质的IC50浓度几乎是无穷大时,表示这一抗血清与其他抗原物质的交叉反应率近似为0,即该血清的特异性较好。

3）抗体亲和力：是指抗体和抗原结合的牢固程度。亲和力的高低是由抗原分子的大小,抗体分子的结合位点与抗原决定簇之间立体构型的合适度决定的。有助于维持抗原抗体复合物稳定的分子间力有氢键,疏水键,侧链相反电荷基因的库仑力,范德华力和空间斥力。亲和力常以亲和常数K表示,K的单位是L/mol。抗体亲和力的测定对抗体的筛选,确定抗体的用途,验证抗体的均一性等均有重要意义。

Anti-PKA/FITC 荧光素标记蛋白激酶A抗体IgGMulti-class antibodies规格： 0.2ml

Rabbit Anti-Mink IgG 兔抗水貂IgG (亲和层析纯化)Multi-class antibodies规格： 0.1ml

HA tag标签抗体 anti-HA tag 0.1ml

Dog IgM/RBITC 罗丹明标记的兔抗犬IgM抗体 0.1ml

FAM120B 英文名称： 组织激活过氧化酶活化增生受体γ蛋白抗体 0.2ml

Rhesus antibody Rh Phospho-RSK3 (Thr356/Ser360) 磷酸化核糖体蛋白S6激酶家族RSK3抗体 规格 0.1ml

Rabbit Anti-Mink IgG 兔抗水貂IgG (亲和层析纯化)Multi-class antibodies规格： 0.1ml

LIS1(Lissencephaly-1 protein) 无脑回的致病基因LIS1抗原Multi-class antibodies规格： 0.5mg

Anti-AIMP2 AIMP2抗体Multi-class antibodies规格： 0.2ml

Rhesus antibody Rh phospho-c-Abl(Tyr283) 磷酸化非受体酪氨酸激酶c-Abl抗体 规格 0.1ml

荧光抗体专用稀释液 10ml pH 7.2,不能加入血清

Vitamin D Receptor/VDR 英文名称： 维生素D3受体抗体 0.1ml

phospho-Dnmt1(Ser154) 英文名称： 磷酸化DNA甲基转移酶1抗体 0.1ml

Anti-AIMP2 AIMP2抗体Multi-class antibodies规格： 0.2ml

Anti-FGFR4/FITC 荧光素标记成纤维细胞生长因子受体4抗体IgGMulti-class antibodies规格： 0.2ml

Anti-Phospho-NF-KappaB p105 (Ser927) /FITC 荧光素标记磷酸化细胞核因子p50/k基因结合核因子抗体IgGMulti-class antibodies规格： 0.2ml

Rhesus antibody Rh C Peptide C-肽抗体 规格 0.1ml

Nogo-A 轴索过度生长抑制因子-A(抗原) 0.5mg

DTSF 英文名称： 肝素结合性表皮生长因子抗体 0.1ml

Rhesus antibody Rh RNF138 环指蛋白138抗体 规格 0.2ml

Anti-Phospho-NF-KappaB p105 (Ser927) /FITC 荧光素标记磷酸化细胞核因子p50/k基因结合核因子抗体IgGMulti-class antibodies规格： 0.2ml

人β半乳糖苷酶(βGAL)ELISA 试剂盒 96T/48T 试剂盒 组装/原装

兔子胆固醇(LDL-C)免疫试剂盒 Rabbit Low Density Lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C ELISA kit

乳脂肪球EGF因子蛋白(MFGE8)ELISA试剂盒 ，英文名： MFGE8 ELISA Kit

Porcineplasminogenactivatorinhibitor,PAIELISA试剂盒猪纤溶酶原激活物抑制因子(PAI)ELISA试剂盒规格：96T/48T

Humanangiopoietin-likeprotein3,ANGPTL3ELISA试剂盒人生成素样蛋白3(ANGPTL3)ELISA试剂盒规格：96T/48T

HumanATP-bindingcassetteanspoerA1,ABCA1ELISAKit人腺苷三磷酸结合盒转运体A1(ABCA1)ELISA试剂盒规格：96T/48T

大鼠视黄醇结合蛋白(RBP)ELISA试剂盒 ，英文名： RBP ELISA Kit

人γ谷氨酰转移酶(GGT)ELISA检测试剂盒Humangammaglamylanspeptidase,GGTELISAKit 96T/48T

海狮三甲状腺原氨酸(T3)免疫试剂盒 Sea Lion iiodothyronine(T3)ELISA kit

CLIAKitforPMNElastase(HumanPolymorphonuclearElastase)ELISAKit人多形核白细胞弹性蛋白酶规格：48T/96T

石蜡切片组织PAR-1蛋白表达荧光显微镜检测试剂盒10/20次

ELISAKitSLC/CCL21人二级淋巴组织趋化因子规格：48T/96T

端粒酶反转录酶抗体费用 大鼠脱氧酚/脱氧啉(DPD)ELISA 试剂盒 96T/48T 试剂盒 组装/原装

人微管相关蛋白tau(MAPT)抗体免疫试剂盒 Human microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) aibody ELISA kit

血清游离胆固醇(FC)含量测试盒 可见分光光度法 50管/48样

RatProteinPhosphatase,PPELISA试剂盒大鼠蛋酸酶(PP)ELISA试剂盒规格：96T/48T

HumanIerleukin10,IL-10ELISA试剂盒人白介素10(IL-10)ELISA试剂盒规格：96T/48T

HumanMothersagainstdecapeaplegichomolog7,Smad7ELISAKit人Smad7ELISA试剂盒规格：96T/48T