技术外包服务:

★-α抗体说明书 分子生物学：质粒抽提、PCR、Q-PCR、RT-PCR、分子生物学：基因合成、引物合成、基因测序、载体构建等

★蛋白工程：原核、哺乳动物蛋白表达系统等

★病毒包装：腺病毒、慢病毒等

★抗体工程：磁珠分选、病理染色、WB、ELISA、IP、IF、IHC、FACS、Confocal等等

★细胞工程：细胞表型分析(凋亡、增殖、周期、迁移、侵袭、修复、克隆形成)、细胞培养、细胞膜制备、稳定细胞株构建、细胞RNAi技术等等。

实验流程：

-α抗体说明书 英文名称  Anti-TNF-alpha

中文名称  -α抗体说明书 

别    名 APC1; Cachectin; DIF; Differentiation inducing factor; Macrophage cytotoxic factor; MCF; Necrosin; TNF a; TNF alpha; TNF; TNF Macrophage Derived; TNF Monocyte Derived; TNF Superfamily Member 2; TNFA; TNFSF2; Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2; Tumor Necrosis Factor Precursor; Tumour Necrosis Factor Alpha; TNFA_HUMAN.

产品属性：

浓    度  1mg/1ml

规 格  0.1ml/100μg 0.2ml/200μg

抗体来源  Rabbit

克隆类型   polyclonal

交叉反应   Human, Dog, Pig, Rabbit

产品类型   一抗  

研究领域     细胞生物 信号转导 细胞凋亡 生长因子和激素 转录调节因子

蛋白分子量  predicted molecular weight: 17/26kDa 

性    状   Lyophilized or Liquid

免 疫 原  KLH conjugated synthetic peptide derived from human TNF-alpha

亚    型  IgG

纯化方法   affinity purified by Protein A

储 存 液   Preservative: 15mM Sodium Azide, Constituents: 1% BSA, 0.01M PBS, pH 7.4

-α抗体说明书 产品应用   WB=1:100-500 ELISA=1:500-1000 IP=1:20-100 IHC-P=1:100-500 IHC-F=1:100-500 IF=1:100-500

（石蜡切片需做抗原修复） 

 not yet tested in other applications.

 optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.  

保存条件  Store at -20 °C for one year. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles. The lyophilized antibody is stable at room temperature for at least one month and for greater than a year when kept at -20°C. When reconstituted in sterile pH 7.4 0.01M PBS or diluent of antibody the antibody is stable for at least two weeks at 2-4 °C. 

Important Note  This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications. 

产品介绍 Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF alpha) is a protein secreted by lipopolysaccharide stimulated macrophages, and causes tumor necrosis when injected into tumour bearing mice. TNF alpha is believed to mediate pathogenic shock and tissue injury associated with endotoxemia. TNF alpha exists as a multimer of two, three, or five noncovalently linked units, but shows a single 17 kDa band following SDS PAGE under non reducing conditions. TNF alpha is closely related to the 25 kDa protein Tumour Necrosis Factor beta (lymphotoxin), sharing the same receptors and cellular actions. TNF alpha causes cytolysis or cytostasis of certain transformed cells, being synergistic with interferon gamma in its cytotoxicity. Although it has little effect on many cultured normal human cells, TNF alpha appears to be directly toxic to vascular endothelial cells. Other actions of TNF alpha include stimulating growth of human fibroblasts and other cell lines, activating polymorphonuclear neutrophils and osteoclasts, and induction of interleukin 1, prostaglandin E2 and collagenase production. TNF alpha is currently being evaluated in treatment of certain cancers and AIDS Related Complex.

Function : Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation.

The TNF intracellular domain (ICD) form induces IL12 production in dendritic cells.

Subunit : Homotrimer. Interacts with SPPL2B.

Subcellular Location : Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein.

Tumor necrosis factor, membrane form: Membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein.

Tumor necrosis factor, soluble form: Secreted.

C-domain 1: Secreted.

C-domain 2: Secreted.

Post-translational modifications : The soluble form derives from the membrane form by proteolytic processing. The membrane-bound form is further proteolytically processed by SPPL2A or SPPL2B through regulated intramembrane proteolysis producing TNF intracellular domains (ICD1 and ICD2) released in the cytosol and TNF C-domain 1 and C-domain 2 secreted into the extracellular space.

The membrane form, but not the soluble form, is phosphorylated on serine residues. Dephosphorylation of the membrane form occurs by binding to soluble TNFRSF1A/TNFR1.

O-glycosylated; glycans contain galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine and N-acetylneuraminic acid.

DISEASE : Genetic variations in TNF are a cause of susceptibility psoriatic arthritis (PSORAS) [MIM:607507]. PSORAS is an inflammatory, seronegative arthritis associated with psoriasis. It is a heterogeneous disorder ranging from a mild, non-destructive disease to a severe, progressive, erosive arthropathy. Five types of psoriatic arthritis have been defined: asymmetrical oligoarthritis characterized by primary involvement of the small joints of the fingers or toes; asymmetrical arthritis which involves the joints of the extremities; symmetrical polyarthritis characterized by a rheumatoidlike pattern that can involve hands, wrists, ankles, and feet; arthritis mutilans, which is a rare but deforming and destructive condition; arthritis of the sacroiliac joints and spine (psoriatic spondylitis).

Similarity : Belongs to the tumor necrosis factor family.

Database links :

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: P01375.1

Entrez Gene: 7124 Human

Omim: 191160 Human

SwissProt: P01375 Human

Unigene: 241570 Human

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