抗体的生物素化标记实验要点：

1. Rad51抗体规格 如在反应混合液中有叠氮钠或游离氨基存在,会抑制标记反应。因此,蛋白质在反应前要对 0.1mol/L碳酸氢钠缓冲液或0.5mol/L硼酸缓冲液充分透析；

2.所用的NHSB及待生物素化蛋白质之间的分子比按蛋白质表面的ε-氨基的密度会有所不同,选择不当则影响标记的效率,应先用几个不同的分子比来筛选最适条件；

3.用NHSB量过量也是不利的,抗原的结合位点可能因此被封闭,导致抗体失活；

4.由于抗体的氨基不易接近可能造成生物素化不足,此时可加入去污剂如 Triton x-100, Tween20等；

5.当游离ε-氨基(赖氨酸残基的氨基)存在于抗体的抗原结合位点时,或位于酶的催化位点时,生物素化会降低或损伤抗体蛋白的结合力或活性；

6.生物素还可能与不同的功能基团,如羰基、氨基、巯基、异咪唑基及苯酚基,也可与糖基共价结合；

7.交联反应后,应充分透析,否则,残余的生物素会对生物素化抗体与亲和素的结合产生竞争作用；

8.在细胞的荧光标记实验中,中和亲和素的本底低,但由于链霉亲和素含有少量正电荷,故对某些细胞可导致高本底。

产品订购信息：
英文名称  Anti-Rad51 

中文名称   Rad51抗体规格 

别    名  BRCA1/BRCA2 containing complex, subunit 5; BRCC 5; BRCC5; DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 1; DNA repair protein rhp51; E coli RecA homolog; HGNC:9817; Homolog of E coli RecA; homolog of S cerevisiae RAD51; HRAD51; HsRad51; HsT16930; Rad 51; RAD51 homolog (RecA homolog, E. coli) (S. cerevisiae); RAD51 homolog; RAD51 homolog S. cerevisiae; RAD51 S cerevisiae homolog; RAD51A; RECA; RecA homolog E. coli; RecA like protein; RecA, E. coli, homolog of; recombination protein A.

浓    度   1mg/1ml

规 格  0.1ml/100μg 0.2ml/200μg

抗体来源   Rabbit

克隆类型   polyclonal

交叉反应   Human, Mouse, Rat, Dog, Pig, Cow 

产品类型   一抗  

研究领域     细胞生物 发育生物学 细胞周期蛋白

蛋白分子量  predicted molecular weight: 37kDa

性    状   Lyophilized or Liquid

免 疫 原 KLH conjugated synthetic peptide derived from human Rad51 C-terminus 

亚    型   IgG

纯化方法   affinity purified by Protein A

储 存 液   0.01M PBS, pH 7.4 with 10 mg/ml BSA and 0.1% Sodium azide

Rad51抗体规格 产品应用    WB=1:100-500 ELISA=1:500-1000 IP=1:20-100 IHC-P=1:100-500 IHC-F=1:100-500 ICC=1:100-500 IF=1:100-500

（石蜡切片需做抗原修复） 

 not yet tested in other applications.

 optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.  

保存条件  Store at -20 °C for one year. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles. The lyophilized antibody is stable at room temperature for at least one month and for greater than a year when kept at -20°C. When reconstituted in sterile pH 7.4 0.01M PBS or diluent of antibody the antibody is stable for at least two weeks at 2-4 °C. 

Important Note  This product as supplied is intended for research use only, not for use in human, therapeutic or diagnostic applications. 

产品介绍 The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the RAD51 protein family. RAD51 family members are highly similar to bacterial RecA and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rad51, and are known to be involved in the homologous recombination and repair of DNA. This protein can interact with the ssDNA-binding protein RPA and RAD52, and it is thought to play roles in homologous pairing and strand transfer of DNA. This protein is also found to interact with BRCA1 and BRCA2, which may be important for the cellular response to DNA damage. BRCA2 is shown to regulate both the intracellular localization and DNA-binding ability of this protein. Loss of these controls following BRCA2 inactivation may be a key event leading to genomic instability and tumorigenesis. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene, which encode distinct proteins, have been reported. Transcript variants utilizing alternative polyA signals exist.

Function : Participates in a common DNA damage response pathway associated with the activation of homologous recombination and double-strand break repair. Binds to single and double stranded DNA and exhibits DNA-dependent ATPase activity. Underwinds duplex DNA and forms helical nucleoprotein filaments. Plays a role in regulating mitochondrial DNA copy number under conditions of oxidative stress in the presence of RAD51C and XRCC3.

Subcellular Location : Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm, perinuclear region. Mitochondrion matrix. Colocalizes with RAD51AP1 and RPA2 to multiple nuclear foci upon induction of DNA damage. DNA damage induces an increase in nuclear levels.

Tissue Specificity : Highly expressed in testis and thymus, followed by small intestine, placenta, colon, pancreas and ovary. Weakly expressed in breast.

Post-translational modifications : Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation of Thr-309 by CHEK1 may enhance association with chromatin at sites of DNA damage and promote DNA repair by homologous recombination. Phosphorylation by ABL1 inhibits function.

DISEASE : Defects in RAD51 are a cause of susceptibility to breast cancer (BC) [MIM:114480]. A common malignancy originating from breast epithelial tissue. Breast neoplasms can be distinguished by their histologic pattern. Invasive ductal carcinoma is by far the most common type. Breast cancer is etiologically and genetically heterogeneous. Important genetic factors have been indicated by familial occurrence and bilateral involvement. Mutations at more than one locus can be involved in different families or even in the same case.

Similarity : Belongs to the RecA family. RAD51 subfamily.

Contains 1 HhH domain.

Database links : UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: Q06609.1

Rad51蛋白对细胞:作为辅助因子参与DNA修复同源重组,维持正常细胞周期；Rad51蛋白在很多组织中都有不同的存在。在和等组织中表达较高，究其原因有报道称：这是DNA被损伤后细胞的一种反应，而这种反应不足以阻止的发生。

抗体的鉴定：

1）Rad51抗体规格 抗体的效价鉴定：不管是用于诊断还是用于,制备抗体的目的都是要求较高效价。不同的抗原制备的抗体,要求的效价不一。鉴定效价的方法很多,包括有试管凝集反应,琼脂扩散试验,酶联免疫吸附试验等。常用的抗原所制备的抗体一般都有约成的鉴定效价的方法,以资比较。如制备抗抗体的效价,一般就采用琼脂扩散试验来鉴定。

2）抗体的特异性鉴定：抗体的特异性是指与相应抗原或近似抗原物质的识别能力。抗体的特异性高,它的识别能力就强。衡量特异性通常以交叉反应率来表示。交叉反应率可用竞争抑制试验测定。以不同浓度抗原和近似抗原分别做竞争抑制曲线,计算各自的结合率,求出各自在IC50时的浓度,并按公式计算交叉反应率。 

如果所用抗原浓度IC50浓度为pg/管,而一些近似抗原物质的IC50浓度几乎是无穷大时,表示这一抗血清与其他抗原物质的交叉反应率近似为0,即该血清的特异性较好。

3）抗体亲和力：是指抗体和抗原结合的牢固程度。亲和力的高低是由抗原分子的大小,抗体分子的结合位点与抗原决定簇之间立体构型的合适度决定的。有助于维持抗原抗体复合物稳定的分子间力有氢键,疏水键,侧链相反电荷基因的库仑力,范德华力和空间斥力。亲和力常以亲和常数K表示,K的单位是L/mol。抗体亲和力的测定对抗体的筛选,确定抗体的用途,验证抗体的均一性等均有重要意义。

IAA/BSA 吲哚-3-乙酸偶联血清白蛋白Multi-class antibodies规格： 5mg

Anti-ABL2 ABL2蛋白抗体Multi-class antibodies规格： 0.2ml

Rhesus antibody Rh Phospho-c-Fos (Se*) 磷酸化c-fos抗体 规格 0.1ml

兔抗羊IgG血清 0.5ml 国产

WIPF2 英文名称： WASP结合蛋白抗体 0.2ml

DARPP32 英文名称： 多巴胺、cAMP调节磷蛋白抗体 0.2ml

Anti-ABL2 ABL2蛋白抗体Multi-class antibodies规格： 0.2ml

Anti-PDEF/FITC 荧光素标记上皮特异性ETs转录因子抗体IgGMulti-class antibodies规格： 0.2ml

Rabbit Anti-Rat IgG/FITC 荧光素标记兔抗大鼠IgGMulti-class antibodies规格： 0.3ml

DNA甲基转移酶-3β抗体 Anti-Dnmt3β 0.1ml

Goat Anti-human IgM/FITC FITC标记的羊抗人IgM 0.3ml

FBXO18 英文名称： F-box蛋白家族FBXO18抗体 0.2ml

Rhesus antibody Rh phospho-TPH(Ser260) 磷酸化色氨酸羟化酶抗体 规格 0.1ml

Rabbit Anti-Rat IgG/FITC 荧光素标记兔抗大鼠IgGMulti-class antibodies规格： 0.3ml

PI14 英文名称： 蛋白酶抑制剂14抗体 0.2ml

EFS 英文名称： 对接蛋白EFS抗体 0.1ml

多配体蛋白聚糖1抗体 Anti-CD138/Syndecan-1 0.1ml

Anti-V.cholera Ogawa/Biotin 生物素化01群稻叶型霍乱弧菌抗体IgGMulti-class antibodies规格： 0.2ml

Rhesus antibody Rh Phospho-HDAC4(Ser632)/HDAC5(Ser498)/HDAC7(Ser486) 磷酸化组蛋白去乙酰化酶4/5/7抗体 规格 0.1ml

Argireline peptide 抗皱寡肽-1/六胜肽-3/阿基瑞林/乙酰六胜肽-3Multi-class antibodies规格： 1g

人脑微内皮细胞

PANC-1 人*癌细胞

BLNK Others Human 人 BLNK 人细胞裂解液 (阳性对照)

CL-0458U-118 MG(人脑星形胶质母细胞瘤)5×106cells/瓶×2

人成纤维细胞RNAHPrF miRNA5 μg

人脐内皮细胞(人细胞污染);ECV-304 [ECV304;ECV 304] 人肠内皮细胞完全培养基 100mL

CL-0200RWPE1(人上皮细胞)5×106cells/瓶×2

PBK Others Human 人 PDK / PDZ binding kinase / TOPK 杆状病毒-昆虫细胞裂解液 (阳性对照)

人少突胶质前体细胞cDNAHOPC cDNA

MCF-7细胞，人癌细胞 人肺鳞癌细胞,LTEP-s细胞 滑膜细胞Many types of cells包装：5 × 105次方(1ml)

犬肾细胞系/野生型;MDCK/wild

PLAT Others Human 人 tPAβ 人细胞裂解液 (阳性对照)

Rad51抗体规格 人脑微内皮细胞

PANC-1 人*癌细胞

BLNK Others Human 人 BLNK 人细胞裂解液 (阳性对照)

CL-0458U-118 MG(人脑星形胶质母细胞瘤)5×106cells/瓶×2

人成纤维细胞RNAHPrF miRNA5 μg

人脐内皮细胞(人细胞污染);ECV-304 [ECV304;ECV 304] 人肠内皮细胞完全培养基 100mL